# Chad Lac Displacement and Cholera Response
- Canonical dossier: [Web edition]()
- Markdown edition: [Plain-text edition]()
- Issue: Issue 005
- Rubric: Funding / Flight / Outbreak
- Byline: Totally Fine Foundation editorial desk
- Reading time: 9 min
- Last reviewed: 2026-10-22
> Since May 2026, attacks by non-state armed groups and preventive evacuations ordered under the state of emergency in Lac Province's Fouli and Kaya departments have displaced 75,210 people onto 16 sites, by the authorities' count, on top of about 220,000 people already displaced there. Cholera, confirmed at Kangalom on 6 August and declared in the province two days later, had reached 802 cases and 46 deaths in Lac by 30 September, OCHA reports, and 525,501 people had been vaccinated. Emergency funding announced so far comes to $7.2 million — $4.2 million from the UN's Central Emergency Response Fund and $3 million from the regional humanitarian fund — against a response plan revised up to $15.1 million.
## Cover
- Kicker: Field dossier / Sub-Saharan Africa / displacement and disease
- Cover lines: 75,210 people displaced in Lac since May, onto 16 sites / Cholera in Lac: 802 cases and 46 deaths by 30 September / 525,501 people vaccinated against cholera by 30 September / $7.2 million announced against a plan revised to $15.1 million
#### Hero visual provenance
- Caption: Lac Yoa in northern Chad, photographed by Jacques Taberlet. The image is illustrative; it does not show Lac Province.
- Alt text: Photograph of Lac Yoa in Chad.
- Credit: Jacques Taberlet
- Rights / license: CC BY-SA 3.0
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
## Metrics
### 75,210 — People displaced in Lac since May 2026
- Category: Displacement
- Caveat: Registered by the authorities on 16 sites in Fouli and Kaya, per OCHA's situation report at 30 September; arrivals at four new sites — 5,965 people at two of them — were not yet included.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [World Food Programme — WFP Chad Situation Report, 30 August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-wfp-sitrep-2026-08-30`)
### 294,805 — Internally displaced people in Lac Province
- Category: Displacement
- Caveat: Protection cluster, August 2026; the figure equals the 219,595 counted in OCHA's 2026 plan plus the 75,210 new arrivals; with refugees and returnees, 332,935 people — one in three in the province — are forcibly displaced.
**Source trail:** [Protection Cluster Chad — Chad, Lac Province: Protection fact sheet, August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-protection-factsheet-2026-08`); [OCHA — Chad: Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 (HNRP)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unocha-org`); [Health Cluster Chad — Health Cluster analysis note: Lac Province — health situation under the pressure of population displacement (18 August 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-note-analyse-2026-08-18`)
### 802 cases, 46 deaths — Cholera cases and deaths in Lac Province
- Category: Health
- Caveat: At 30 September 2026, per OCHA; 25 of the deaths occurred in the community and 750 patients were discharged. The province declared the outbreak on 8 August with 46 cases since 2 August.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2`)
### 525,501 — People vaccinated against cholera in Lac
- Category: Health
- Caveat: From 21 August to 30 September, with 920,000 doses available, per OCHA; the report's summary page gives 521,501, while its district figures add up to 525,501.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3`)
### $7.2 million — Emergency funding announced for Lac
- Category: Funding
- Caveat: At 30 September: $4.2 million from CERF, of which $1 million for cholera, and $3 million from the Regional Humanitarian Fund for West and Central Africa. On 20 August OCHA had reported $7 million ($4 million and $3 million).
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`)
### $15.1 million — Lac emergency response plan
- Category: Funding
- Caveat: Inter-sectoral operational plan for the needs of the 75,210 displaced, revised from $12.1 million; the 20 August release already gave $15.12 million for July–December. At 30 September OCHA put funding mobilized at 47 per cent and unmet needs at no less than $8.1 million.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`)
## The Lac Ledger: Flight, Cholera and Money in Chad's West
### Flight from Fouli and Kaya
The flight began in late April and May 2026. OCHA counts 2,250 people who fled attacks on 27 April at two sites, Baboul Bouloumarom and Massangana 2, and on 19 May humanitarian and security actors met at Baga-Sola to coordinate help for people fleeing areas hit by Boko Haram attacks. When the government's delegate general visited the sites in Fouli and Kaya on 3 June, he found families evacuated from island areas about two weeks earlier, after the attacks and preventive evacuations under the state of emergency.
The count rose through the summer: about 60,000 newly displaced on 16 sites when the Minister of Social Action and the UN Humanitarian Coordinator reported on their mission on 23 July; nearly 70,000, only 5,000 of them registered, after a field mission on 6 August. By 20 August OCHA cited more than 75,210 people forced to flee by non-state armed groups, and at 30 September the authorities' registration stood at 75,210 on 16 sites. New arrivals continue: OCHA lists four new sites in Fouli, two of which already hosted 5,965 people, with figures for the other two still being consolidated; none are yet in the planning figures.
The new wave lands on an old one. OCHA's 2026 plan counted 219,595 internally displaced people in Lac before May; the protection cluster's August fact sheet counts 294,805 — the two figures combined — and says one person in three in the province is forcibly displaced.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 May 2026: Lac — authorities and humanitarians mobilize to receive the displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-05-21`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 4 June 2026: Lac — the newly displaced in great distress]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-06-04`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 23 July 2026: Lac — government and humanitarians mobilize for 60,000 newly displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-07-23`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026: Lac — only 5,000 of 70,000 displaced people registered]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [OCHA — Chad: Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 (HNRP)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unocha-org`); [Protection Cluster Chad — Chad, Lac Province: Protection fact sheet, August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-protection-factsheet-2026-08`)
### Cholera reaches the lake
Chad's outbreak began at Karal and reached Lac in early August. The health ministry declared the national outbreak on 18 June, after suspected cases at Karal, in Hadjer-Lamis, on 13 June, the IFRC reports, and N'Djamena declared its own outbreak on 24 July; at the end of July the ministry still listed only Hadjer-Lamis and N'Djamena as affected. On 6 August culture confirmed Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa in samples from Kangalom, and on 8 August the government's delegate general declared the outbreak in Lac at Bol, with 46 cases since 2 August and three active foci in island areas and at Ngorerom.
It spread fast, and OCHA warned that crowding on the sites, limited access to clean water and sanitation and people's movement around the lake created conditions for rapid spread. The ministry's report for 6–8 August counted 60 cases and two deaths in Lac; by 11 August there were 113 cases, and by 16 August 219 cases and 8 deaths. By 25 August Lac accounted for 311 of the country's 599 cases and 15 of its 28 deaths, UNFPA reports.
OCHA's July–August bulletin, with figures to 7 September, called Lac the epicenter, with 533 cases — 61 per cent of the national total — and 27 deaths; in Kouloudia, 96 new cases and 13 deaths in one week pushed the case fatality rate above 12 per cent. At 30 September the province had recorded 802 cases and 46 deaths, 25 of them in the community, and although admissions were falling, OCHA said transmission remained active in Liwa and Kangalom.
Vaccination began at Bol on 21 August. With 920,000 doses available, 525,501 people had been vaccinated in the province by 30 September, 191,112 of them in Baga Sola.
**Source trail:** [IFRC — Cholera Outbreak in Chad - 2026: DREF Operational Update (MDRTD026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ifrc-dref-mdrtd026`); [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 027, 29–30 July 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int-2`); [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2`); [Le Pays — Le Pays, 8 August 2026: Lac Province — 46 cholera cases recorded]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-lepaystchad-com`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 12 August 2026: 209 cholera cases recorded in N'Djamena and Lac]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-12b`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [UNFPA — UNFPA Situation Report: Chad Humanitarian Response (1 - 31 August 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unfpa-sitrep-2026-08`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian bulletin, July–August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-bulletin-2026-07-08`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3`)
### The money, and what it covers
The funding arrived in steps. On 23 July the UN Humanitarian Coordinator announced $2 million from the Regional Humanitarian Fund for West and Central Africa; in early August local media reported that the Emergency Relief Coordinator, Tom Fletcher, had released $3 million from CERF for the displaced. OCHA's release of 20 August set out the picture: the Emergency Relief Coordinator allocated $4 million from CERF — $3 million for the displacement response and $1 million released urgently for cholera — complementing $3 million from the regional fund disbursed by the Humanitarian Coordinator.
The two funds were split by sector to avoid overlap: CERF's displacement money goes to health, nutrition and protection through WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA, the cholera million is shared equally by WHO and UNICEF, and the regional fund covers shelter, household items, water and sanitation, and food. At 30 September OCHA counted $7.2 million announced — $4.2 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund — against an operational plan of $15.1 million, revised from $12.1 million (the 20 August release already gave $15.12 million for July–December). OCHA estimates the unmet needs at no less than $8.1 million.
Other money sits outside that total: in September KSrelief and WHO signed a US$5.3 million agreement for cholera preparedness and response across the Lake Chad Basin. Nationally, Chad's 2026 humanitarian plan was 34.8 per cent funded at 30 June — $343.2 million of $986.1 million.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 23 July 2026: Lac — government and humanitarians mobilize for 60,000 newly displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-07-23`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 9 August 2026: Lac — $3 million to support displaced populations]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-09`); [Tchad Vision — Tchad Vision: $3 million in support for Lac's displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadvision-com`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [WHO — KSrelief and WHO Sign US$ 5.3 million agreement to combat cholera in the Lake Chad Basin]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ksrelief-who-2026-09`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Review of the HNRP 2026 humanitarian response, first half (January–June)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-hnrp-midyear-2026`)
### What the figures do not settle
The displacement count is a registration: 75,210 is the number the authorities registered, and arrivals at the newest sites were still being counted at the end of September. The cholera figures are the health authorities' counts at different dates; they are dated here and never added together.
The health system was already under strain. In Liwa and Baga Sola, 8 of 17 and 12 of 20 health areas were affected by the population movements, and no pharmaceutical depot was functioning in either district, the Health Cluster found in August. FEWS NET expects Crisis-level food insecurity (IPC Phase 3) in Lac until January 2027, with rainfall deficits through September and worsening security driving more displacement.
Older verdicts need their dates: Refugees International's finding that the government had largely failed its internally displaced citizens was written in 2022, before this crisis, and no comparable assessment of the 2026 response was found in the sources reviewed.
The OCHA overview describes humanitarian access in Lac Province as severely constrained by security and logistical obstacles. It also states that some population movements remained unverified, alongside OCHA's undated estimate of more than 8,200 additional displaced people.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Health Cluster Chad — Health Cluster analysis note: Lac Province — health situation under the pressure of population displacement (18 August 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-note-analyse-2026-08-18`); [FEWS NET — FEWS NET, Chad key message update: severe lean-season conditions persist in the East and Lac, September 2026 – January 2027]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-fewsnet-2026-09`); [Refugees International — Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-refugeesinternational-org`)
### Protection risks in Fouli and Kaya
According to the OCHA humanitarian overview for Lac Province, security deteriorated, with increased attacks on civilians, kidnappings and extortion attributed to non-state armed groups. The overview states that island populations and people engaged in subsistence agriculture, livestock raising and fishing were particularly affected.
The overview records that, following the attack on Barka Tolorom, military operations and emergency measures were instituted, and that Fouli and Kaya continued to face major protection risks and humanitarian needs. OCHA reports an undated estimate of more than 8,200 additional displaced people; the report does not specify the date of that estimate.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`)
### Cholera figures in five Lac health districts
According to the OCHA humanitarian overview, five health districts in Lac Province had recorded 815 cholera cases and 46 deaths as of 15 October 2026.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`)
## Actors and positions
### UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
- Role: Humanitarian coordination and funding
- Confidence: high
- Position: Coordinates the emergency response; reports $7.2 million announced against a $15.1 million plan at 30 September 2026.
- Supporter framing: OCHA presents the CERF and regional-fund allocations as complementary, each covering distinct sectors for the same people.
- Opposing account: No counter-position was found in the sources reviewed.
- Independent assessment: At 30 September OCHA put the funding mobilized at 47 per cent of the plan and the unmet needs at no less than $8.1 million.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`)
### Government of Chad (delegate general for Lac; Ministry of Public Health and Prevention)
- Role: National authority
- Confidence: high
- Position: Ordered preventive evacuations of high-risk island areas under the state of emergency, declared cholera in Lac on 8 August, registered 75,210 displaced people and launched vaccination at Bol on 21 August.
- Supporter framing: The delegate general and the health ministry present a response of registration, case management and vaccination with partners.
- Opposing account: On 7 August Tchadinfos reported that only 5,000 of nearly 70,000 displaced had been registered; in 2022 Refugees International wrote that the government had largely failed its internally displaced citizens.
- Independent assessment: By 30 September the authorities' registration reached 75,210 and 525,501 people had been vaccinated, per OCHA.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Refugees International — Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-refugeesinternational-org`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026: Lac — only 5,000 of 70,000 displaced people registered]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 4 June 2026: Lac — the newly displaced in great distress]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-06-04`)
### Non-state armed groups (Boko Haram)
- Role: Perpetrators of violence
- Confidence: medium
- Position: Attacks in Lac from late April drove people from their homes.
- Supporter framing: No statement by the groups was found in the sources reviewed.
- Opposing account: OCHA attributes the flight to violence by non-state armed groups without naming them; Chadian reporting names Boko Haram.
- Independent assessment: FEWS NET reports security conditions still deteriorating in September, causing more displacement.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 4 June 2026: Lac — the newly displaced in great distress]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-06-04`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 May 2026: Lac — authorities and humanitarians mobilize to receive the displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-05-21`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [FEWS NET — FEWS NET, Chad key message update: severe lean-season conditions persist in the East and Lac, September 2026 – January 2027]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-fewsnet-2026-09`)
### WHO, UNICEF and health partners
- Role: Health response
- Confidence: medium
- Position: Share CERF's $1 million for cholera and support case management and vaccination; KSrelief and WHO signed a US$5.3 million cholera agreement for the Lake Chad Basin in September.
- Supporter framing: Partners present vaccination and treatment centers as the core of the response.
- Opposing account: No counter-position was found in the sources reviewed.
- Independent assessment: The Health Cluster found 20 of the 37 health areas in Liwa and Baga Sola affected by the displacement and no functioning pharmaceutical depot in the two districts visited in August.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [WHO — KSrelief and WHO Sign US$ 5.3 million agreement to combat cholera in the Lake Chad Basin]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ksrelief-who-2026-09`); [Health Cluster Chad — Health Cluster analysis note: Lac Province — health situation under the pressure of population displacement (18 August 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-note-analyse-2026-08-18`)
## Claims and evidence
### Emergency funding for the Lac crisis comes to $7.2 million.
- Claimant: OCHA, situation report at 30 September 2026
- Evidence status: confirmed
- Counterclaim: Earlier reports gave smaller sums: $2 million from the regional fund on 23 July, and $3 million from CERF in early August.
- Independent assessment: The figures grew rather than conflicted. The $3 million from CERF reported on 9 August matches the displacement share of the $4 million OCHA set out on 20 August, which added $1 million for cholera; CERF stood at $4.2 million on 30 September. The regional fund's $2 million announced on 23 July stood at $3 million by 20 August. The sources do not explain either increase.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 9 August 2026: Lac — $3 million to support displaced populations]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-09`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 23 July 2026: Lac — government and humanitarians mobilize for 60,000 newly displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-07-23`)
### 75,210 people have been displaced in Lac Province since May 2026.
- Claimant: Chadian authorities, via OCHA and WFP
- Evidence status: confirmed
- Counterclaim: On 6 August a field mission reported nearly 70,000 displaced but only 5,000 registered; a report on the ICRC's aid in August spoke of a rise from about 40,000 to 75,000.
- Independent assessment: The counts converge on 75,210 registered by September. It is a registration figure: arrivals at four new sites, 5,965 people at two of them, were not yet included at 30 September.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`); [World Food Programme — WFP Chad Situation Report, 30 August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-wfp-sitrep-2026-08-30`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026: Lac — only 5,000 of 70,000 displaced people registered]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 19 August 2026: Lac — the ICRC steps up its aid in the humanitarian crisis]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-5`)
### Cholera was declared in Lac Province on 8 August 2026.
- Claimant: The government's delegate general for Lac, General Saleh Haggar Tidjani
- Evidence status: confirmed
- Counterclaim: The national outbreak is older: the health ministry declared it on 18 June, after suspected cases at Karal, in Hadjer-Lamis, on 13 June.
- Independent assessment: Both are right at different scales. Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa was confirmed in samples from Kangalom on 6 August and the province declared the outbreak on 8 August, with 46 cases since 2 August and three active foci.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2`); [Le Pays — Le Pays, 8 August 2026: Lac Province — 46 cholera cases recorded]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-lepaystchad-com`); [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int`); [IFRC — Cholera Outbreak in Chad - 2026: DREF Operational Update (MDRTD026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ifrc-dref-mdrtd026`)
### Lac is the epicenter of Chad's cholera outbreak.
- Claimant: OCHA, July–August bulletin
- Evidence status: confirmed
- Counterclaim: No counter-claim was found in the sources reviewed.
- Independent assessment: Lac accounted for 311 of 599 national cases on 25 August (UNFPA) and 533 cases at 7 September, 61 per cent of the national total (OCHA bulletin of 17 September). By 30 September OCHA counted 802 cases and 46 deaths in the province, with the outbreak still active.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian bulletin, July–August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-bulletin-2026-07-08`); [UNFPA — UNFPA Situation Report: Chad Humanitarian Response (1 - 31 August 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unfpa-sitrep-2026-08`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`)
### Chad's government has largely failed to provide for its internally displaced citizens in Lac (Refugees International, 2022).
- Claimant: Refugees International, report of 29 September 2022
- Evidence status: unverified
- Counterclaim: In 2026 the authorities registered the newly displaced, coordinated their reception from May and launched cholera vaccination with partners in August.
- Independent assessment: A 2022 advocacy assessment, made before the current crisis; no comparable assessment of the 2026 response was found in the sources reviewed.
**Source trail:** [Refugees International — Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-refugeesinternational-org`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 May 2026: Lac — authorities and humanitarians mobilize to receive the displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-05-21`); [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3`)
## Language record
### Refugees International
- Role: Human rights organization
- Context: From Refugees International's report of 29 September 2022 on Lac Province and the Kampala Convention — an assessment made four years before the current crisis.
Quotation text is available in the web edition and the cited original source; it is not republished in this machine-readable edition.
**Source:** [Refugees International — Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-refugeesinternational-org`)
## Timeline
### 2026-04-27 — Attacks drive 2,250 people to two sites in Lac
- Event type: conflict\_escalation
- Confidence: medium
OCHA later counted 2,250 people (450 households) who fled attacks on 27 April at Baboul Bouloumarom and Massangana 2; more than 90 per cent of the households lived in precarious shelters without latrines.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`)
### 2026-05-19 — Authorities and humanitarians coordinate help for people fleeing Boko Haram attacks
- Event type: displacement\_update
- Confidence: medium
Humanitarian and security actors met at Baga-Sola to coordinate assistance to people fleeing areas recently hit by Boko Haram attacks; registration arrangements and joint assessment missions were announced.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 May 2026: Lac — authorities and humanitarians mobilize to receive the displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-05-21`)
### 2026-06-03 — Delegate general visits new displacement sites in Fouli and Kaya
- Event type: displacement\_update
- Confidence: medium
The government's delegate general found shelter, food and basic services lacking for families evacuated from island areas about two weeks earlier, after Boko Haram attacks and preventive evacuations.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 4 June 2026: Lac — the newly displaced in great distress]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-06-04`)
### 2026-06-18 — Chad's health ministry declares a cholera outbreak
- Event type: outbreak\_start
- Confidence: high
After suspected cases at Karal, in Hadjer-Lamis, on 13 June and laboratory confirmation of Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa, the Ministry of Public Health and Prevention declared the national outbreak on 18 June.
**Source trail:** [IFRC — Cholera Outbreak in Chad - 2026: DREF Operational Update (MDRTD026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ifrc-dref-mdrtd026`); [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int`)
### 2026-07-23 — Regional fund allocates $2 million; about 60,000 newly displaced on 16 sites
- Event type: international\_response
- Confidence: medium
After a joint mission on 21–22 July, the UN Humanitarian Coordinator announced $2 million from the Regional Humanitarian Fund for West and Central Africa for about 60,000 newly displaced people on 16 sites in Fouli and Kaya.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 23 July 2026: Lac — government and humanitarians mobilize for 60,000 newly displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-07-23`)
### 2026-08-06 — Cholera confirmed in samples from Kangalom
- Event type: outbreak\_update
- Confidence: high
Culture confirmed Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa in two samples from Kangalom, in Lac Province, the health ministry's situation report records.
**Source trail:** [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int`); [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`)
### 2026-08-08 — Cholera declared in Lac Province
- Event type: outbreak\_start
- Confidence: high
The government's delegate general declared the outbreak at Bol, with 46 cases since 2 August and three active foci in island areas and at Ngorerom.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2`); [Le Pays — Le Pays, 8 August 2026: Lac Province — 46 cholera cases recorded]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-lepaystchad-com`)
### 2026-08-09 — Local media report $3 million from CERF for Lac's displaced
- Event type: international\_response
- Confidence: medium
Local media reported that the Emergency Relief Coordinator, Tom Fletcher, had released $3 million from CERF for the people displaced in Lac.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 9 August 2026: Lac — $3 million to support displaced populations]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-09`); [Tchad Vision — Tchad Vision: $3 million in support for Lac's displaced]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadvision-com`)
### 2026-08-20 — OCHA: $4 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund for Lac
- Event type: international\_response
- Confidence: high
OCHA reported that the Emergency Relief Coordinator allocated $4 million from CERF — $3 million for displacement and $1 million for cholera — complementing $3 million from the regional fund disbursed by the Humanitarian Coordinator.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`)
### 2026-08-21 — Cholera vaccination begins at Bol
- Event type: outbreak\_update
- Confidence: high
The health minister launched the cholera vaccination campaign in Lac at Bol; by 30 September 525,501 people had been vaccinated.
**Source trail:** [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3`); [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`)
### 2026-09-07 — Lac is the epicenter, with 533 cholera cases and 27 deaths
- Event type: outbreak\_update
- Confidence: high
At 7 September Lac had 533 of Chad's 867 cholera cases (61 per cent) and 27 deaths, OCHA's July–August bulletin reported on 17 September; in Kouloudia, 96 new cases and 13 deaths in a week pushed the case fatality rate above 12 per cent.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian bulletin, July–August 2026]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-bulletin-2026-07-08`)
### 2026-09-30 — At 30 September: 802 cholera cases, 75,210 displaced, $7.2 million announced
- Event type: displacement\_update
- Confidence: high
OCHA's first situation report on Lac counted 802 cholera cases and 46 deaths, 75,210 displaced on 16 sites with new arrivals at four more sites, and $7.2 million announced against a plan revised to $15.1 million.
**Source trail:** [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)]() (`src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`)
### 2026-10-15 — OCHA overview records 815 cholera cases and 46 deaths in five Lac health districts
- Event type: casualty\_update
- Confidence: medium
According to the OCHA humanitarian overview, five health districts in Lac Province had recorded 815 cholera cases and 46 deaths as of 15 October 2026.
**Source trail:** [ReliefWeb (OCHA) — ReliefWeb reports ingested by editorial pipeline (2026-10)]() (`src-chad-lac-dis-editorial-2026-10`)
## Visual essay
### Gallery image 01
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: A view of Farchana camp in eastern Chad, photographed by SuSanA Secretariat; illustrative, not Lac Province.
- Alt text: View of Farchana camp in Chad from a nearby hill.
- Credit: SuSanA Secretariat
- Rights / license: CC BY 2.0
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### Gallery image 02
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: A Darfur refugee camp in eastern Chad, photographed by Mark Knobil; illustrative, not Lac Province.
- Alt text: Darfur refugee camp in Chad.
- Credit: Mark Knobil from Pittsburgh, usa
- Rights / license: CC BY 2.0
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
## Linked visual references
### Exile with No End in Sight in the Lake Chad Basin
- Photographer: UNHCR
- Publisher: UNHCR Media Archive
- Recognition: Standing reference dataset for Lake Chad Basin displacement coverage.
- Why it matters: Visual documentation of long-term displacement in the Lake Chad Basin, relevant to the current Lac Province crisis.
- Original: [Open reference]()
### Lake Chad: over a million people driven out of their homes as crisis deepens (May 2015)
- Photographer: ICRC
- Publisher: ICRC Audiovisual Archive
- Recognition: Archival field documentation of the Lake Chad crisis.
- Why it matters: Historical visual record of the Lake Chad crisis, providing context for ongoing displacement and humanitarian needs.
- Original: [Open reference]()
## Media desk
### Solar-powered well by Help in Chad
- Publisher: Wikimedia Commons
- Media type: photo
- Rights mode: direct\_image
- Placement: Cholera reaches the lake
- Caption: A solar-powered well installed by Help in Chad, photographed by Help - Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe.
- Why it matters: Safe water is central to preventing cholera on crowded displacement sites.
Cholera reached Lac in August, while tens of thousands of displaced people were living on crowded sites; OCHA warned that crowding and limited access to clean water created conditions for rapid spread. The province declared the outbreak on 8 August; by 30 September OCHA counted 802 cases and 46 deaths, and 525,501 people had been vaccinated. Clean water points like this well are part of prevention.
- Original: [Open media record]()
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: A solar-powered well installed by Help in Chad, photographed by Help - Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe.
- Alt text: A solar-powered well installed by Help in Chad, photographed by Help - Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe.
- Credit: Help - Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe
- Rights / license: CC BY-SA 4.0
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province
- Publisher: OCHA via ReliefWeb
- Media type: report\_pdf
- Rights mode: linked\_reference\_only
- Placement: The money, and what it covers
- Caption: OCHA's release of 20 August on the CERF and regional-fund money for Lac Province.
- Why it matters: The primary source for what each fund covers.
On 20 August OCHA reported that the Emergency Relief Coordinator allocated $4 million from CERF — $3 million for the displacement response and $1 million for cholera — complementing $3 million from the regional fund disbursed by the Humanitarian Coordinator. By 30 September the total announced was $7.2 million.
- Original: [Open media record]()
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: OCHA's 20 August release: $4 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund for Lac Province.
- Alt text: OCHA's 20 August release: $4 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund for Lac Province.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026 (Ministry of Public Health)
- Publisher: Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (via WHO Africa)
- Media type: report\_pdf
- Rights mode: linked\_reference\_only
- Placement: Cholera reaches the lake
- Caption: The health ministry's situation report for 6–8 August 2026, hosted on WHO's regional website.
- Why it matters: The ministry's first cumulative count for Lac, with the laboratory confirmation at Kangalom.
The ministry's report for 6–8 August records the culture confirmation of Vibrio cholerae in samples from Kangalom on 6 August and 60 cases with two deaths in Lac. It is the ministry's document, hosted on WHO's site; the province declared the outbreak on 8 August.
- Original: [Open media record]()
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Health ministry report: 60 cholera cases and two deaths in Lac, 6–8 August 2026.
- Alt text: Health ministry report: 60 cholera cases and two deaths in Lac, 6–8 August 2026.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
## Source readings
### Two funds, one response: $4 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int`
- Publisher: OCHA
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-08-20
- Registry title: OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province
- Editorial note: OCHA's own release: the Emergency Relief Coordinator's allocation is the $4 million from CERF, which complements $3 million from the regional fund disbursed by the Humanitarian Coordinator.
- Original: [Open source]()
OCHA's release of 20 August sets out what each fund covers for the people displaced in Lac and for the cholera response.
OCHA reports that the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator allocated $4 million from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) for the emergencies in Lac Province, complementing $3 million from the Regional Humanitarian Fund for West and Central Africa disbursed by the Humanitarian Coordinator. Together, the $7 million is meant to help partners respond to the new displacement recorded in June and to the cholera outbreak that appeared in early August.
Of the CERF money, $3 million goes to the displacement response in health, nutrition and protection, implemented by WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA; the remaining $1 million was released urgently for cholera, split equally between WHO and UNICEF. The regional fund's $3 million covers shelter and essential household items, water, sanitation and hygiene, and food assistance, so that the two funds do not overlap.
The release says violence by non-state armed groups forced more than 75,210 people to flee to 16 sites in the sub-prefectures of Baga-Sola, Daboua, Kaiga-Kindjiria, Liwa and Ngouboua, and that cholera was confirmed at Kangalom on 6 August; by 16 August the province had recorded 219 cases and 8 deaths, according to the health ministry's situation report no. 35.
#### Takeaways
- CERF: $4 million, allocated by the Emergency Relief Coordinator — $3 million for displacement, $1 million for cholera.
- Regional fund: $3 million, disbursed by the Humanitarian Coordinator, for shelter, water and sanitation, and food.
- Lac: 219 cholera cases and 8 deaths at 16 August, per the health ministry's situation report no. 35.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: OCHA's 20 August release: $4 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund for Lac Province.
- Alt text: OCHA's 20 August release: $4 million from CERF and $3 million from the regional fund for Lac Province.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### Lac's first count: 60 cases and two deaths.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int`
- Publisher: Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website)
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-08-10
- Registry title: Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026
- Editorial note: A health-ministry situation report hosted on WHO's regional website; the figures are the ministry's.
- Original: [Open source]()
The ministry's report for 6–8 August records the laboratory confirmation at Kangalom and the first cumulative count for Lac.
The report, issued by Chad's Ministry of Public Health, records that Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa was identified by culture in two samples from Kangalom on 6 August 2026, and gives a cumulative count for Lac Province of 60 cases with 2 deaths, a case fatality rate of 3.3 per cent.
Its timeline places the start of the national outbreak earlier: two suspected cases were notified at Karal, in Hadjer-Lamis province, on 13 June 2026. Although the file sits on the WHO Regional Office for Africa's website, it is the ministry's document, not a WHO assessment.
#### Takeaways
- Lac: 60 cumulative cases and 2 deaths (case fatality 3.3 per cent) in the report for 6–8 August.
- Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa confirmed by culture in two samples from Kangalom on 6 August.
- The ministry's figures, hosted on WHO's site — not a WHO count.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Health ministry report: 60 cholera cases and two deaths in Lac, 6–8 August 2026.
- Alt text: Health ministry report: 60 cholera cases and two deaths in Lac, 6–8 August 2026.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### Before the new crisis: 219,595 displaced in Lac.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unocha-org`
- Publisher: OCHA
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-02-05
- Registry title: Chad: Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 (HNRP)
- Editorial note: The 2026 plan, written before the May 2026 displacement and the August cholera outbreak; read for the baseline.
- Original: [Open source]()
OCHA's 2026 plan already described Lac as the epicenter of a protracted crisis driven by non-state armed groups.
The plan describes Lac Province as the epicenter of a protracted crisis linked to violence by non-state armed groups and internal displacement, with 219,595 internally displaced people, 16,079 returnees and 24,165 former internally displaced people who have returned, all fleeing that violence and living in precarious conditions on sites that lack everything.
It notes frequent attacks, abductions and extortion, with more than 1,250 protection incidents reported since the start of 2025. The plan predates the displacement that began in May 2026 and the cholera outbreak declared in Lac in August; its figures are a baseline, not a current count.
#### Takeaways
- 219,595 internally displaced people in Lac before the 2026 crisis, per the plan.
- The protection cluster's August count of 294,805 equals this baseline plus the 75,210 newly displaced.
- A baseline written before May 2026.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Chad's 2026 plan counted 219,595 internally displaced people in Lac.
- Alt text: Chad's 2026 plan counted 219,595 internally displaced people in Lac.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### The previous outbreak: eastern Chad, 2025.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-msf-ch`
- Publisher: Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF Switzerland)
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2025-10-07
- Registry title: MSF, 7 October 2025: Prevent and cure — MSF in the fight against cholera in Chad
- Editorial note: About the 2025 outbreak in eastern Chad, not Lac in 2026; kept as context for the country's recurring cholera.
- Original: [Open source]()
MSF describes the cholera epidemic that hit eastern Chad from July 2025, in and around the camps for Sudanese refugees.
MSF writes that since July 2025 a cholera epidemic has struck eastern Chad, exposing a fragile water and sanitation system; by 26 September 2025 the health ministry had recorded more than 2,475 cases and 141 deaths. Overcrowded Sudanese refugee camps and poor host communities, it says, offered ideal ground for the disease to spread.
The page concerns that 2025 outbreak in the east. It is not a source for the 2026 outbreak in Lac Province, which the health ministry traces to suspected cases at Karal in June 2026 and which was declared in Lac on 8 August.
#### Takeaways
- Eastern Chad, 2025: more than 2,475 cases and 141 deaths by 26 September 2025, per the health ministry via MSF.
- Not a source for the 2026 outbreak in Lac.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: MSF on the 2025 cholera outbreak in eastern Chad.
- Alt text: MSF on the 2025 cholera outbreak in eastern Chad.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### End of July: two provinces affected, not yet Lac.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int-2`
- Publisher: Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website)
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-08-03
- Registry title: Cholera situation report no. 027, 29–30 July 2026
- Editorial note: The ministry's report shortly before cholera reached Lac.
- Original: [Open source]()
The ministry's report for 29–30 July lists Hadjer-Lamis and N'Djamena as the affected provinces.
The health ministry's situation report for 29–30 July 2026 lists two affected provinces, Hadjer-Lamis and N'Djamena. Lac Province does not yet appear among them.
Read with the next reports, it dates the arrival of cholera in Lac to early August: Vibrio cholerae was confirmed in samples from Kangalom on 6 August and the province declared the outbreak on 8 August. The file is hosted on WHO's regional website but is the ministry's document.
#### Takeaways
- 29–30 July: Hadjer-Lamis and N'Djamena affected; Lac not yet listed.
- The ministry's document, hosted on WHO's site.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Health ministry report, 29–30 July: two provinces affected, not yet Lac.
- Alt text: Health ministry report, 29–30 July: two provinces affected, not yet Lac.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### Nearly 70,000 fled; 5,000 registered.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-07
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026: Lac — only 5,000 of 70,000 displaced people registered
- Editorial note: A field-mission finding of 6 August; the authorities' registration later reached 75,210.
- Original: [Open source]()
On 6 August a field mission found the response lagging far behind the displacement.
Tchadinfos reports that nearly 70,000 people had been forced to flee their localities in Lac Province while only 5,000 had been officially registered. The finding was made on 6 August 2026 at the end of a field mission to Bol, Baga-Sola and Liwa led by the government's delegate general for the province, General Saleh Haggar Tidjani, with a multisectoral World Food Programme mission.
The gap was one of registration, not of displacement: by 20 August OCHA cited more than 75,210 people forced to flee, and the authorities' registration stood at 75,210 at the end of September.
#### Takeaways
- 6 August: nearly 70,000 displaced, only 5,000 officially registered.
- By September the authorities had registered 75,210.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Nearly 70,000 fled and only 5,000 were registered, Tchadinfos reported on 7 August.
- Alt text: Nearly 70,000 fled and only 5,000 were registered, Tchadinfos reported on 7 August.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### $3 million from CERF for the displaced.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadvision-com`
- Publisher: Tchad Vision
- Source type: news
- Registry title: Tchad Vision: $3 million in support for Lac's displaced
- Editorial note: Reports the $3 million CERF release for the displaced; OCHA's 20 August release adds $1 million for cholera, for $4 million in all.
- Original: [Open source]()
Tchad Vision reports that the Emergency Relief Coordinator released $3 million from CERF for the people displaced in Lac.
Tchad Vision reports that since May, increased violence in the Fouli and Kaya departments has forced more than 60,000 people, mostly women and children, to leave their homes, and that the United Nations, through the Emergency Relief Coordinator Tom Fletcher, decided to release $3 million from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) to meet their most urgent needs.
The figure matches OCHA's later release: on 20 August OCHA put the CERF allocation at $4 million, of which $3 million for the displacement response and $1 million released urgently for cholera.
#### Takeaways
- CERF: $3 million released for Lac's displaced, per Tchad Vision.
- More than 60,000 displaced from Fouli and Kaya since May, at the time of writing.
- CERF's 20 August total of $4 million is this $3 million plus $1 million for cholera.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Tchad Vision reports $3 million from CERF for displaced people in Lac.
- Alt text: Tchad Vision reports $3 million from CERF for displaced people in Lac.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### A 2022 verdict on the response to displacement in Lac.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-refugeesinternational-org`
- Publisher: Refugees International
- Source type: human\_rights
- Published: 2022-09-29
- Registry title: Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention
- Editorial note: Published on 29 September 2022, four years before the current crisis; an advocacy assessment.
- Original: [Open source]()
Refugees International assessed Chad's response to displacement in Lac and the Kampala Convention in September 2022.
Refugees International wrote in September 2022 that a humanitarian crisis had gripped Lac Province since conflict spilled over from neighboring Nigeria in 2014, and that people uprooted by attacks from armed groups such as Boko Haram and the Islamic State in West Africa struggled to get basic necessities. Although Chad's security forces had maintained control of the territory, it concluded, the government had largely failed to provide for its internally displaced citizens.
The report counted 381,289 internally displaced people in Chad at the time of writing. It predates the 2026 displacement and the cholera outbreak, and its verdict is an advocacy assessment from 2022, not a finding on the current response.
#### Takeaways
- 2022: the government 'has largely failed to provide for its internally displaced citizens', per Refugees International.
- 381,289 internally displaced people in Chad at the time of that report.
- An advocacy assessment from 2022, not of the 2026 response.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: A 2022 Refugees International report on Lac displacement and the Kampala Convention.
- Alt text: A 2022 Refugees International report on Lac displacement and the Kampala Convention.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### 8 August: cholera declared in Lac.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-08
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province
- Editorial note: Same-day report of the province's declaration.
- Original: [Open source]()
The government's delegate general announced the outbreak at a press conference in Bol.
Tchadinfos reports that a cholera epidemic was officially declared in Lac Province on Saturday 8 August 2026 at Bol by the government's delegate general, General Saleh Haggar Tidjani, at a press conference on the health situation.
According to the health authorities, 46 cases had been recorded since 2 August, some of them confirmed by the national reference laboratory in N'Djamena, and three active foci were reported, notably in island areas and at Ngorerom, in the Bol sub-prefecture.
#### Takeaways
- Declared on 8 August 2026 at Bol by the delegate general.
- 46 cases since 2 August, some laboratory-confirmed; three active foci, including island areas and Ngorerom.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Cholera was officially declared in Lac Province on 8 August 2026.
- Alt text: Cholera was officially declared in Lac Province on 8 August 2026.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### 46 cases, three foci.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-lepaystchad-com`
- Publisher: Le Pays
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-08
- Registry title: Le Pays, 8 August 2026: Lac Province — 46 cholera cases recorded
- Editorial note: Declaration-day report; corroborates the 46 cases and the three foci.
- Original: [Open source]()
Le Pays reports the case count given on declaration day and the location of the active foci.
Le Pays reports that 46 cholera cases had been recorded in Lac Province when the outbreak was declared, and that three active foci had been identified in island areas and at Ngorerom, in the Bol sub-prefecture, where priority health interventions were already under way.
It is a count from declaration day. The health ministry's later figures show the outbreak growing quickly: 113 cases by 11 August, 219 cases and 8 deaths by 16 August, and 802 cases and 46 deaths by 30 September, according to OCHA.
#### Takeaways
- 46 cases at declaration; three active foci in island areas and at Ngorerom.
- A point-in-time count; by 30 September Lac had 802 cases, per OCHA.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Lac Province recorded 46 cholera cases at declaration.
- Alt text: Lac Province recorded 46 cholera cases at declaration.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### 21 August: vaccination begins at Bol.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-21
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination
- Editorial note: Reports the launch of oral cholera vaccination in Lac.
- Original: [Open source]()
The health minister launched the cholera vaccination campaign in the provincial capital.
Tchadinfos reports that the cholera vaccination campaign was officially launched on Friday 21 August 2026 at Bol, in Lac Province, at a ceremony chaired by the Minister of Public Health and Prevention, Dr Abdelmadjid Abderahim Mahamat, with administrative and health authorities, international partners and community representatives.
OCHA's situation report at 30 September counts 525,501 people vaccinated in the province since the campaign began, with 920,000 doses available.
#### Takeaways
- Vaccination launched at Bol on 21 August 2026 by the health minister.
- 525,501 vaccinated by 30 September, per OCHA.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Cholera vaccination launched at Bol on 21 August 2026.
- Alt text: Cholera vaccination launched at Bol on 21 August 2026.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### The first response: teams, disinfection, awareness.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-4`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-12
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 12 August 2026: Lac — the health ministry goes on the offensive against cholera
- Editorial note: Describes the ministry's first response measures; the measures are reported, not independently verified.
- Original: [Open source]()
The health ministry activated its emergency plan as soon as the first cases were announced in Lac.
Tchadinfos reports that as soon as the first cholera cases were announced in Lac Province, the Ministry of Public Health and Prevention activated its emergency plan and sent a team to the field to contain the disease before it took hold.
Around each case, it says, the households concerned — patients, their direct contacts and neighbors — receive disinfectant spraying to interrupt transmission, while teams in Haïrom step up awareness-raising on contaminated water and food. These are the ministry's reported measures; they have not been verified independently.
#### Takeaways
- The ministry activated its emergency plan after the first cases in Lac.
- Reported measures: disinfection around each case and awareness-raising in Haïrom.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Health ministry response in Lac Province, reported on 12 August 2026.
- Alt text: Health ministry response in Lac Province, reported on 12 August 2026.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### A basin of compounding crises.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-issafrica-org`
- Publisher: Institute for Security Studies (ISS Africa)
- Source type: research
- Published: 2026-04-22
- Registry title: Lake Chad Basin’s perfect storm: climate change, violent extremism and displacement
- Editorial note: Regional analysis published before the May 2026 displacement in Lac.
- Original: [Open source]()
ISS Africa's April 2026 policy brief argues that climate disasters now drive more displacement in the Lake Chad Basin than conflict, and that the two increasingly compound.
The brief, published on 22 April 2026, says that more displacement in the Lake Chad Basin is caused by climate disasters than by conflict, but that the two are increasingly compounding. It describes the region as home to one of the world's biggest compounding crises, in which climate change, disasters, violent extremism, intercommunal conflicts and displacement form a 'perfect storm' of interlinked issues.
It is regional analysis written before the displacement that began in Lac Province in May 2026, and it does not supply figures for that crisis. OCHA's report at 30 September notes irregular and deficient rainfall in parts of the province on top of the displacement.
#### Takeaways
- Climate disasters cause more displacement in the basin than conflict, the brief says; the two increasingly compound.
- Published on 22 April 2026, before the Lac displacement; not a source of its figures.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Lake Chad Basin faces climate, violent extremism and displacement pressures.
- Alt text: Lake Chad Basin faces climate, violent extremism and displacement pressures.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### From about 40,000 to 75,000.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-5`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-19
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 19 August 2026: Lac — the ICRC steps up its aid in the humanitarian crisis
- Editorial note: Reports the rise in displacement and the ICRC's planned assistance.
- Original: [Open source]()
In an article on the ICRC's reinforced aid, Tchadinfos reports a sharp rise in displacement and planned assistance for 1,976 households.
Tchadinfos reports, in an article on the ICRC's reinforced assistance in Lac Province, that the number of internally displaced people had risen from about 40,000 to 75,000, requiring an urgent response.
In the coming weeks, it says, the ICRC planned to assist 1,976 households across several sites in the province. The 75,000 is a rounded figure; the authorities' registration stood at 75,210 by September.
#### Takeaways
- Internally displaced: from about 40,000 to 75,000, per the report of 19 August.
- The ICRC planned assistance for 1,976 households.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: Lac's displaced rose from about 40,000 to 75,000, Tchadinfos reported on 19 August.
- Alt text: Lac's displaced rose from about 40,000 to 75,000, Tchadinfos reported on 19 August.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### Displacement that outlasts the attacks.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-media-unhcr-org`
- Publisher: UNHCR Refugees Media
- Source type: media\_archive
- Registry title: Exile with no end in sight in the Lake Chad Basin
- Editorial note: An archive media asset; without a login its page shows only the title and a short summary.
- Original: [Open source]()
A UNHCR media asset on people displaced for years in the Lake Chad Basin.
The UNHCR media archive item, titled 'Exile with no end in sight in the Lake Chad Basin', is summarized as concerning people still displaced several years after fleeing their villages following attacks by non-state armed groups. The full asset is behind a login.
It is background on protracted displacement, not a source for the 2026 figures in Lac Province, where OCHA's 2026 plan already counted 219,595 internally displaced people before the new wave of displacement.
#### Takeaways
- Background on protracted displacement in the basin.
- Not a source for the 2026 Lac figures.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: UNHCR archive documents exile with no end in sight in the Lake Chad Basin.
- Alt text: UNHCR archive documents exile with no end in sight in the Lake Chad Basin.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### 2015: the crisis spreads beyond Nigeria.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-avarchives-icrc-org`
- Publisher: ICRC Audiovisual Archives
- Source type: media\_archive
- Registry title: Lake Chad: over a million people driven out of their homes as crisis deepens
- Editorial note: A May 2015 archive film; historical background.
- Original: [Open source]()
An ICRC archive film from May 2015 on displacement in the Lake Chad region.
The ICRC archive item, dated May 2015, is titled 'Lake Chad: over a million people driven out of their homes as crisis deepens'. Its description says the armed conflict between Boko Haram and various armed forces was spreading from Nigeria into Niger, Cameroon and Chad, one of the worst humanitarian crises then facing Africa.
It is historical background for the 2026 displacement in Lac Province; its 2015 figure is not a current count.
#### Takeaways
- May 2015: over a million people displaced across the Lake Chad region, per the film's title.
- Historical background, not a current figure.
#### Visual provenance
- Caption: ICRC archive documents the Lake Chad crisis in May 2015.
- Alt text: ICRC archive documents the Lake Chad crisis in May 2015.
- Credit: Totally Fine Foundation
- Rights / license: Project editorial graphic; original source(s) linked
- Asset: [View image]()
- Original / provenance: [Open source]()
### At 30 September: 75,210 displaced, 802 cases, $7.2 million.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30`
- Publisher: OCHA
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-10-05
- Registry title: OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)
- Editorial note: OCHA's first situation report on Lac; figures at 30 September 2026.
- Original: [Open source]()
OCHA's first situation report on Lac brings the displacement, cholera and funding figures to the end of September.
OCHA reports that the authorities had registered 75,210 people displaced since May on 16 sites in the Fouli and Kaya departments. New displacement continues: four new sites were reported in Fouli, two of which already hosted 5,965 people, not yet included in the planning figures, and 2,250 people (450 households) who fled attacks on 27 April were counted at Baboul Bouloumarom and Massangana 2.
Cholera remained active. At 30 September Lac had recorded 802 cases and 46 deaths, 25 of them in the community, with 750 patients discharged; the four new cases, the one new death and all six inpatients were in Kangalom. Vaccination began on 21 August with 920,000 doses available, and 525,501 people had been vaccinated, 191,112 of them in Baga Sola.
Funding announced came to $7.2 million — $4.2 million from CERF, of which $1 million for cholera, and $3 million from the Regional Humanitarian Fund for West and Central Africa — while the inter-sectoral operational plan was revised from $12.1 million to $15.1 million. Irregular and deficient rainfall threatens agro-pastoral livelihoods.
#### Takeaways
- 75,210 displaced since May on 16 sites; four new sites not yet counted, 5,965 people at two of them.
- Cholera in Lac: 802 cases and 46 deaths at 30 September; 525,501 vaccinated.
- $7.2 million announced against a plan revised to $15.1 million.
### Lac, the epicenter.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-bulletin-2026-07-08`
- Publisher: OCHA
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-09-17
- Registry title: OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian bulletin, July–August 2026
- Editorial note: OCHA's bimonthly bulletin, published on 17 September; the cholera figures are at 7 September.
- Original: [Open source]()
OCHA's July–August bulletin puts Lac at 61 per cent of Chad's cholera cases.
OCHA's bulletin for July and August, published on 17 September, says that at 7 September, when Chad had recorded 867 cases and 42 deaths, Lac Province remained the epicenter with 533 cases, 61 per cent of the national total, and 27 deaths, with transmission concentrated in the Kouloudia, Bol, Liwa and Kangalom districts.
The situation was particularly worrying in Kouloudia, where 96 new cases and 13 deaths were reported in a single week, pushing the case fatality rate above 12 per cent.
#### Takeaways
- At 7 September: 533 cases and 27 deaths in Lac, 61 per cent of Chad's 867 cases.
- Kouloudia: 96 new cases and 13 deaths in a week; case fatality above 12 per cent.
### June: the national outbreak is declared.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ifrc-dref-mdrtd026`
- Publisher: IFRC
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2026-09-14
- Registry title: Cholera Outbreak in Chad - 2026: DREF Operational Update (MDRTD026)
- Editorial note: The Red Cross's national cholera operation; its figures are national, not Lac's.
- Original: [Open source]()
The IFRC dates Chad's 2026 cholera outbreak to suspected cases in June, two months before it reached Lac.
The IFRC's operational update says suspected cases were reported on 13 June 2026 and that, after laboratory testing confirmed Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa, the Ministry of Public Health and Prevention officially declared the outbreak on 18 June 2026. On 15 July the ministry asked technical and financial partners for urgent support to limit the spread to other provinces and across borders.
The outbreak reached Lac Province in early August. The update concerns the Red Cross's national operation; its figures are national and should not be read as Lac's.
#### Takeaways
- Chad's 2026 outbreak was declared nationally on 18 June, after suspected cases on 13 June.
- On 15 July the ministry requested urgent support from partners.
- Cholera reached Lac in early August.
### One person in three.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-protection-factsheet-2026-08`
- Publisher: Protection Cluster Chad
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2026-08-31
- Registry title: Chad, Lac Province: Protection fact sheet, August 2026
- Editorial note: A protection-sector count for August 2026.
- Original: [Open source]()
The protection cluster counts 332,935 forcibly displaced people in Lac Province.
The protection cluster's fact sheet for August 2026 says one person in three living in Lac Province is forcibly displaced: the province hosts 332,935 forcibly displaced people, of whom 294,805 are internally displaced, 22,051 refugees and 16,079 Chadian returnees.
The internally displaced figure equals the 219,595 counted in OCHA's 2026 plan plus the 75,210 registered since May; the Health Cluster's August note gives the same 294,805 for new and earlier displaced combined.
#### Takeaways
- One person in three in Lac is forcibly displaced: 332,935 people.
- 294,805 internally displaced — the plan's 219,595 plus the 75,210 new arrivals.
### 25 August: Lac has more than half the cases.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unfpa-sitrep-2026-08`
- Publisher: UNFPA
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2026-09-21
- Registry title: UNFPA Situation Report: Chad Humanitarian Response (1 - 31 August 2026)
- Editorial note: National and provincial cholera figures at 25 August.
- Original: [Open source]()
UNFPA's August report traces the outbreak from Karal to N'Djamena and Lac.
UNFPA reports that the cholera outbreak expanded beyond its initial epicenter in Karal to N'Djamena and Lac Province in early August. By 25 August 2026 national figures reached 599 cases and 28 deaths across 11 health districts, a case fatality rate of 4.7 per cent.
Lac Province was the most affected, with 311 cumulative cases and 15 of the 28 deaths, while N'Djamena had recorded 120 cases.
#### Takeaways
- 25 August: 599 cases and 28 deaths nationally; Lac 311 cases and 15 deaths.
- The outbreak spread from Karal to N'Djamena and Lac in early August.
### WFP scales up in Lac.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-wfp-sitrep-2026-08-30`
- Publisher: World Food Programme
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2026-09-17
- Registry title: WFP Chad Situation Report, 30 August 2026
- Editorial note: WFP's operational update; its food-security outlook cites FEWS NET.
- Original: [Open source]()
WFP says the situation in Lac is deteriorating rapidly and expects crisis-level food insecurity there.
WFP says it is scaling up its response to the rapidly deteriorating situation in Lake Province, where an estimated 75,210 people have been displaced since May 2026, and that it stands ready with other UN agencies and partners to support the government's cholera response.
Citing FEWS NET, it expects crisis levels of acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3) between June and September in the eastern provinces hosting Sudanese refugees and in Lake Province, which has a large internally displaced population because of persistent attacks by armed groups.
#### Takeaways
- 75,210 displaced since May 2026, per WFP.
- IPC Phase 3 (Crisis) expected in Lake Province, citing FEWS NET.
### Crisis through January.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-fewsnet-2026-09`
- Publisher: FEWS NET
- Source type: research
- Published: 2026-10-01
- Registry title: FEWS NET, Chad key message update: severe lean-season conditions persist in the East and Lac, September 2026 – January 2027
- Editorial note: Food-security outlook to January 2027.
- Original: [Open source]()
FEWS NET expects Crisis-level food insecurity in Lac Province until January 2027.
FEWS NET expects Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes to continue in Lac Province until January 2027. Rainfall deficits persisted until September while security conditions continued to deteriorate, causing more displacement, and the degradation of livelihoods, notably fishing and livestock, is reducing incomes.
It cites ACLED's count of 24 conflict events across Chad between 12 August and 11 September, affecting 131,790 people, with 20 deaths; the eastern provinces hosting refugees and Lac Province accounted for half of the events.
#### Takeaways
- Crisis (IPC Phase 3) in Lac Province through January 2027.
- Rainfall deficits to September and worsening insecurity are driving more displacement.
### A third funded at mid-year.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-hnrp-midyear-2026`
- Publisher: OCHA
- Source type: primary\_document
- Published: 2026-08-28
- Registry title: OCHA, Chad: Review of the HNRP 2026 humanitarian response, first half (January–June)
- Editorial note: National figures for the whole 2026 plan, not for Lac.
- Original: [Open source]()
OCHA's mid-year review of Chad's 2026 plan sets the national funding context.
OCHA's mid-year review says 4.5 million people in Chad need humanitarian assistance in 2026; the plan targets 3.4 million, of whom 1.9 million were retained after reprioritization. By 30 June nearly 1.6 million people had been assisted, 48 per cent of the target, with only 34.8 per cent of the required funds: $343.2 million of $986.1 million.
It is a national figure for the whole plan, not for Lac, but it sets the funding context in which the province's emergency appeal was made.
#### Takeaways
- National plan 34.8 per cent funded at 30 June: $343.2 million of $986.1 million.
- 4.5 million people in need in Chad in 2026.
### US$5.3 million for the basin.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ksrelief-who-2026-09`
- Publisher: WHO
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2026-09-23
- Registry title: KSrelief and WHO Sign US$ 5.3 million agreement to combat cholera in the Lake Chad Basin
- Editorial note: A basin-wide agreement, separate from the CERF and regional-fund money for Lac.
- Original: [Open source]()
Saudi Arabia's KSrelief and WHO sign a cholera agreement for the Lake Chad Basin.
The King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre (KSrelief) and WHO signed a joint implementation agreement to support cholera preparedness and response in the Lake Chad Basin, on the sidelines of the 81st session of the UN General Assembly. The agreement is valued at US$5,327,244.97.
It covers the Lake Chad Basin as a whole, not only Chad's Lac Province, and is separate from the $7.2 million announced through CERF and the regional fund.
#### Takeaways
- US$5.3 million KSrelief–WHO agreement for cholera in the Lake Chad Basin.
- Basin-wide, and separate from the CERF and regional-fund money.
### 9 August: $3 million from CERF.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-09`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-09
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 9 August 2026: Lac — $3 million to support displaced populations
- Editorial note: The CERF release for the displaced, before the cholera money was added.
- Original: [Open source]()
Tchadinfos reports the Emergency Relief Coordinator's CERF release for Lac's displaced.
Tchadinfos reports that, to meet the crisis, the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator Tom Fletcher announced the release of $3 million from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) to address the most pressing needs of the affected people in Lac Province.
It matches the displacement share of CERF's allocation: OCHA's release of 20 August puts CERF's total at $4 million, of which $3 million for the displacement response and $1 million for cholera.
#### Takeaways
- 9 August: $3 million from CERF announced for Lac's displaced.
- CERF's 20 August total of $4 million adds $1 million for cholera.
### 23 July: 60,000 newly displaced, $2 million from the regional fund.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-07-23`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-07-23
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 23 July 2026: Lac — government and humanitarians mobilize for 60,000 newly displaced
- Editorial note: Reports the joint mission of 21–22 July and the regional fund's first allocation.
- Original: [Open source]()
The Minister of Social Action and the UN Humanitarian Coordinator report on their joint mission to Lac.
Tchadinfos reports that the Minister of Social Action, Zara Mahamat Issa, and the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Chad, François Batalingaya, presented on 23 July 2026 the conclusions of their joint mission to Lac Province on 21–22 July, which assessed the living conditions of about 60,000 newly displaced people settled mainly on 16 sites in the Fouli and Kaya departments.
The Humanitarian Coordinator announced an allocation of $2 million from the Regional Humanitarian Fund for West and Central Africa for water, hygiene and sanitation, shelter and protection. By 20 August OCHA put the regional fund's contribution at $3 million.
#### Takeaways
- 23 July: about 60,000 newly displaced on 16 sites in Fouli and Kaya.
- Regional fund: $2 million announced on 23 July; $3 million by 20 August.
### 3 June: distress on the sites.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-06-04`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-06-04
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 4 June 2026: Lac — the newly displaced in great distress
- Editorial note: An early account from the sites in Fouli and Kaya.
- Original: [Open source]()
The government's delegate general visits people newly displaced by Boko Haram attacks and preventive evacuations.
Tchadinfos reports that on Wednesday 3 June 2026 the government's delegate general for Lac Province, General Saleh Haggar Tidjani, visited reception sites in the Fouli and Kaya departments to see the distress of people recently displaced by Boko Haram attacks and by preventive evacuations ordered in high-risk zones.
At site after site it found a lack of shelter, food shortages and limited access to basic services. Most of the families had been evacuated from island areas about two weeks earlier, fleeing insecurity and measures taken under the state of emergency.
#### Takeaways
- 3 June: people displaced by Boko Haram attacks and preventive evacuations on sites in Fouli and Kaya.
- Families evacuated from island areas about two weeks earlier, under the state of emergency.
### 11 August: 113 cases in Lac.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-12b`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-08-12
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 12 August 2026: 209 cholera cases recorded in N'Djamena and Lac
- Editorial note: Relays a health-ministry update of 11 August.
- Original: [Open source]()
A health-ministry update three days after the declaration.
Tchadinfos reports a new update from the health ministry for Lac Province and N'Djamena: at 11 August, the cumulative count was 96 cases in N'Djamena and 113 in Lac.
Three days after the province declared the outbreak with 46 cases since 2 August, the count in Lac had more than doubled; by 30 September it reached 802, according to OCHA.
#### Takeaways
- 11 August: 113 cases in Lac and 96 in N'Djamena, per the health ministry.
- Lac's count more than doubled in the three days after the declaration.
### 19 May: coordinating the first arrivals.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-05-21`
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Source type: news
- Published: 2026-05-21
- Registry title: Tchadinfos, 21 May 2026: Lac — authorities and humanitarians mobilize to receive the displaced
- Editorial note: The first coordination meeting on the new displacement.
- Original: [Open source]()
Humanitarian and security actors meet in Baga-Sola to organize help for people fleeing Boko Haram attacks.
Tchadinfos reports that humanitarian and security actors met in Baga-Sola on Tuesday 19 May 2026 to coordinate assistance to people fleeing areas recently hit by Boko Haram attacks. The government's delegate general recalled that measures under the state of emergency aim mainly to prevent terrorist infiltration and to better secure the sites hosting the displaced.
The delegate of CNARR, the national refugee commission, detailed arrangements for receiving, registering and supporting the displaced, and UNHCR announced joint multisectoral assessment missions to identify priority needs on the sites.
#### Takeaways
- 19 May: first coordination meeting in Baga-Sola on the new displacement.
- Registration and joint assessments were announced at the meeting.
### 20 of 37 health areas hit.
- Registry ID: `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-note-analyse-2026-08-18`
- Publisher: Health Cluster Chad
- Source type: humanitarian
- Published: 2026-08-18
- Registry title: Health Cluster analysis note: Lac Province — health situation under the pressure of population displacement (18 August 2026)
- Editorial note: Based on the Health Cluster coordinator's field mission of 12–14 August 2026.
- Original: [Open source]()
A Health Cluster note finds the routine health system in two districts overwhelmed by the displacement.
The note, drawn from the Health Cluster coordinator's mission to Lac Province on 12–14 August 2026, finds that 8 of the 17 health areas in Liwa district and 12 of the 20 in Baga Sola are affected by the recent population movements — 20 of 37 in the two districts — and that no pharmaceutical depot was functioning in the two districts visited.
It describes a capacity shock that goes beyond a one-off epidemic response, affecting the whole routine offer of care, from consultations and pregnancy follow-up to the treatment of malaria, respiratory infections and diarrhea. It counts 294,805 displaced people, new and earlier combined.
#### Takeaways
- Liwa: 8 of 17 health areas affected; Baga Sola: 12 of 20.
- No functioning pharmaceutical depot in the two districts visited.
- 294,805 displaced, new and earlier combined.
## Analysis shelf
### OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)
- Publisher: OCHA
- Type: report
- Why it matters: Displacement, cholera, vaccination and funding at 30 September 2026.
- Position note: OCHA perspective; the latest consolidated figures for displacement, cholera and funding in Lac.
- Original: [Open source]()
### OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province
- Publisher: OCHA
- Type: report
- Why it matters: Sets out what CERF and the regional fund each cover.
- Position note: OCHA perspective; the allocation announcement, not spending or outcomes.
- Original: [Open source]()
### Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention
- Publisher: Refugees International
- Type: report
- Why it matters: A rights-based assessment of the response to displacement in Lac, with its date.
- Position note: Advocacy perspective, published in September 2022, before the current crisis.
- Original: [Open source]()
## Media shelf
### Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026: Lac — only 5,000 of 70,000 displaced people registered
- Publisher: Tchadinfos
- Type: media
- Why it matters: The early gap between displacement and registration: 5,000 registered of nearly 70,000 on 6 August.
- Position note: Linked reference, not hosted material; Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026.
- Original: [Open source]()
### Tchad Vision: $3 million in support for Lac's displaced
- Publisher: Tchad Vision
- Type: media
- Why it matters: Reports the $3 million CERF release for the displaced, later part of CERF's $4 million.
- Position note: Linked reference, not hosted material; Tchad Vision news report.
- Original: [Open source]()
### Le Pays, 8 August 2026: Lac Province — 46 cholera cases recorded
- Publisher: Le Pays
- Type: media
- Why it matters: The declaration-day count: 46 cases and three active foci on 8 August 2026.
- Position note: Linked reference, not hosted material; Le Pays news report.
- Original: [Open source]()
## Open questions
- How many of the people at the four new sites in Fouli will be added to the 75,210 used for planning? Two of them already hosted 5,965 at 30 September.
- Will funding close the gap? At 30 September OCHA counted $7.2 million announced against a $15.1 million plan, with unmet needs of no less than $8.1 million.
- Is the cholera outbreak in Lac ending? At 30 September admissions were falling, but OCHA said transmission remained active in Liwa and Kangalom.
- How will the Crisis-level food insecurity that FEWS NET projects through January 2027 affect the people on the sites?
## Source registry
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-reliefweb-int` — [OCHA — OCHA press release, 20 August 2026: $7 million to respond to new displacement and the cholera epidemic in Lac Province](); primary\_document; 2026-08-20
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int` — [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 031, 6–8 August 2026](); primary\_document; 2026-08-10
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unocha-org` — [OCHA — Chad: Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 (HNRP)](); primary\_document; 2026-02-05
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-msf-ch` — [Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF Switzerland) — MSF, 7 October 2025: Prevent and cure — MSF in the fight against cholera in Chad](); humanitarian; 2025-10-07
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-afro-who-int-2` — [Ministry of Public Health and Prevention, Chad (hosted on the WHO Africa website) — Cholera situation report no. 027, 29–30 July 2026](); primary\_document; 2026-08-03
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 7 August 2026: Lac — only 5,000 of 70,000 displaced people registered](); news; 2026-08-07
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadvision-com` — [Tchad Vision — Tchad Vision: $3 million in support for Lac's displaced](); news; date not supplied
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-refugeesinternational-org` — [Refugees International — Responding to Chad’s Displacement Crisis in the Lac Province and the Implementation of the Kampala Convention](); human\_rights; 2022-09-29
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-2` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 8 August 2026: Cholera declared in Lac Province](); news; 2026-08-08
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-lepaystchad-com` — [Le Pays — Le Pays, 8 August 2026: Lac Province — 46 cholera cases recorded](); news; 2026-08-08
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-3` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 August 2026: Bol launches cholera vaccination](); news; 2026-08-21
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-4` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 12 August 2026: Lac — the health ministry goes on the offensive against cholera](); news; 2026-08-12
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-issafrica-org` — [Institute for Security Studies (ISS Africa) — Lake Chad Basin’s perfect storm: climate change, violent extremism and displacement](); research; 2026-04-22
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-com-5` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 19 August 2026: Lac — the ICRC steps up its aid in the humanitarian crisis](); news; 2026-08-19
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-media-unhcr-org` — [UNHCR Refugees Media — Exile with no end in sight in the Lake Chad Basin](); media\_archive; date not supplied
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-avarchives-icrc-org` — [ICRC Audiovisual Archives — Lake Chad: over a million people driven out of their homes as crisis deepens](); media\_archive; date not supplied
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-sitrep-2026-09-30` — [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian situation in Lac — Situation report no. 01 (as at 30 September 2026)](); primary\_document; 2026-10-05
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ocha-bulletin-2026-07-08` — [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Humanitarian bulletin, July–August 2026](); primary\_document; 2026-09-17
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ifrc-dref-mdrtd026` — [IFRC — Cholera Outbreak in Chad - 2026: DREF Operational Update (MDRTD026)](); humanitarian; 2026-09-14
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-protection-factsheet-2026-08` — [Protection Cluster Chad — Chad, Lac Province: Protection fact sheet, August 2026](); humanitarian; 2026-08-31
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-unfpa-sitrep-2026-08` — [UNFPA — UNFPA Situation Report: Chad Humanitarian Response (1 - 31 August 2026)](); humanitarian; 2026-09-21
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-wfp-sitrep-2026-08-30` — [World Food Programme — WFP Chad Situation Report, 30 August 2026](); humanitarian; 2026-09-17
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-fewsnet-2026-09` — [FEWS NET — FEWS NET, Chad key message update: severe lean-season conditions persist in the East and Lac, September 2026 – January 2027](); research; 2026-10-01
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-hnrp-midyear-2026` — [OCHA — OCHA, Chad: Review of the HNRP 2026 humanitarian response, first half (January–June)](); primary\_document; 2026-08-28
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-ksrelief-who-2026-09` — [WHO — KSrelief and WHO Sign US$ 5.3 million agreement to combat cholera in the Lake Chad Basin](); humanitarian; 2026-09-23
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-09` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 9 August 2026: Lac — $3 million to support displaced populations](); news; 2026-08-09
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-07-23` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 23 July 2026: Lac — government and humanitarians mobilize for 60,000 newly displaced](); news; 2026-07-23
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-06-04` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 4 June 2026: Lac — the newly displaced in great distress](); news; 2026-06-04
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-08-12b` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 12 August 2026: 209 cholera cases recorded in N'Djamena and Lac](); news; 2026-08-12
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-tchadinfos-2026-05-21` — [Tchadinfos — Tchadinfos, 21 May 2026: Lac — authorities and humanitarians mobilize to receive the displaced](); news; 2026-05-21
- `src-chad-lac-displacement-cholera-2026-note-analyse-2026-08-18` — [Health Cluster Chad — Health Cluster analysis note: Lac Province — health situation under the pressure of population displacement (18 August 2026)](); humanitarian; 2026-08-18